Nuclear physics

Nuclear Fission

The splitting of heavy atomic nuclei (typically uranium-235 or plutonium-239) into lighter fragments, releasing large amounts of energy.

Fission is the energy-release mechanism in atomic bombs and most nuclear power plants. Each fission event releases roughly 200 MeV of energy and 2–3 neutrons, which can sustain a chain reaction if a critical mass of fissile material is assembled.

Related terms

See the full Nuclear Weapons Glossary.